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+%%
+%% This file `osuthesis.cls' was originally adapted from `report.cls'.
+%%
+%%
+%% Copyright (C) 1999, 2005, 2020
+%% Oklahoma State University
+%%
+%% Original author: Brian O'Dell
+%% Revised: Ryan T. Ratliff  2005
+%% Revised: Paul Fili, Edward Richmond 2020
+%%
+%% YOU SHOULD NOT NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING IN THIS FILE DIRECTLY.
+%% SEE THE dissertation_main.tex FILE FOR THE DATA WHICH YOU
+%% NEED TO SUPPLY
+%%
+%% Usage:
+%%      This class file follows the format for theses and dissertations
+%%      of Oklahoma State University.  A sample document template is shown
+%%      below.  For special information (name, degree, etc.) use standard
+%%      capitalization rules except where noted.  IT IS IMPORTANT TO
+%%      MAINTAIN THIS SEQUENCE.  User-supplied information is denoted with
+%%      ``< ... >''.
+%%
+%%              % Sample OSU /Dissertation
+%%
+%%              \documentclass{osuthesis}
+%%
+%%              \title{<TITLE>} % Title in ALL CAPS
+%%              \formattedtitle{<TITLE>} % Same as \title, but with line
+%%                                       % breaks to obtain the inverted
+%%                                       % pyramid shape required for
+%%                                       % title and approval pages
+%%              \author{<AUTHOR>} % Author in ALL CAPS
+%%
+%%              % Earned degree(s)
+%%              \degreeone{%
+%%                <Degree>\\%
+%%                <Institution>\\%
+%%                <City>, <State/Country>\\%
+%%                <Year>}
+%%              \degreeone{%
+%%                <Degree>\\%
+%%                <Institution>\\%
+%%                <City>, <State/Country>\\%
+%%                <Year>} % (If applicable)
+%%
+%%              % Current degree information
+%%              \degreesought{<DEGREE>} % Degree in ALL CAPS
+%%              \degreedate{<Month>, <Year>}
+%%              \majorfield{<Field>}
+%%
+%%              \begin{document}
+%%
+%%              \bibliographystyle{plain}  % Several styles available,
+%%                                         % check with your department
+%%
+%%              % FOREMATTER
+%%              \maketitle        % Creates title page.
+%%              \makeapproval{5}  % Creates spproval page.  The argument
+%%                                % (the numeral 4,5, or 6) is the number of
+%%                                % signatures required (Remember to add one
+%%                                % for the Dean of the Graduate College.)
+%%
+%%              \begin{preface}   % Creates Preface page (OPTIONAL)
+%%                <Preface text here.>
+%%              \end{preface}
+%%
+%%              \begin{acknowledge}  % Creates Acknowledgments
+%%                                   % page (OPTIONAL)
+%%                <Acknowledgment text here.>
+%%              \end{acknowledge}
+%%
+%%              \tableofcontents  % Creates table of contents
+%%              \listoffigures    % Creates list of figures (IF APPLICABLE)
+%%              \listoftables     % Creates list of tables (IF APPLICABLE)
+%%
+%%              % BODY OF THESIS
+%%              <Text>  % (Recommend storing text in separate *.tex file, then
+%%                      % including with \include{<filename>}.)
+%%
+%%              % BIBLIOGRAPHY
+%%              \bibliography{<*.bib file(s)>}
+%%
+%%              % APPENDICES
+%%              \appendix
+%%              <Text>  % (Recommend storing text in separate *.tex file, then
+%%                      % including with \include{<filename>}.)
+%%
+%%              % MISCELLANEOUS
+%%              \begin{vita}{<Name>}{<Degree>}{<Field>} % Creates vita
+%%                \vitaitem{Personal Data:} <Text> % OPTIONAL
+%%                \vitaitem{Education:} <Text> Completed the requirements
+%%                  for the <Degree> degree with a major in <Field> at
+%%                  Oklahoma State University in <Month>, <Year>.
+%%                \vitaitem{Experience:} <Text>
+%%                \vitaitem{Professional Memberships:} <Text>
+%%              \end{vita}
+%%
+%%              \begin{abstract}{<Name>}{<Degree>}{<Field>} % Creates abstract
+%%                <Text> % (350 word maximum)
+%%              \end{abstract}
+%%
+%%              \end{document}
+%%
+%%
+%% Notes:
+%%   1) A proof environment is defined in this file.  It must be removed
+%%      if an included package (e.g., amsmath) also defines this environment
+%%      or an error will result.
+%%   2) Theorem-like environments are defined (using the environment name
+%%      in parenthesis) for Theorem (theorem), Lemma (lemma),
+%%      Corollary (corollary), Problem (problem), Definition (definition),
+%%      Assumption (assumption), Example (example), and Remark (remark).
+%%   3) Remember that the abstract must be submitted separately from the
+%%      thesis, and that six copies must be submitted.
+%%   4) Remember to include two blank pages before the title page and after
+%%      the vita.
+%%
+%%
+%% This file requires LaTeX2e.
+%% -------------------------------------------------
+%%
+%%
+%%
+%% \CharacterTable
+%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
+%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
+%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
+%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
+%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
+%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
+%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
+%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
+%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
+%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
+%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
+%%
+%%
+
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{osuthesis}
+              [2020/02/04 v2.0
+ Oklahoma State University Thesis/Dissertation document class]
+\newcommand\@ptsize{}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\@titlepagetrue
+\newif\if@openright
+\DeclareOption{letterpaper}
+   {\setlength\paperheight {11in}%
+    \setlength\paperwidth  {8.5in}}
+\DeclareOption{10pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{0}}
+\DeclareOption{12pt}{\renewcommand\@ptsize{2}}
+\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
+\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\setlength\overfullrule{0pt}}
+\DeclareOption{openright}{\@openrighttrue}
+\DeclareOption{openany}{\@openrightfalse}
+\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
+\DeclareOption{openbib}{%
+  \AtEndOfPackage{%
+   \renewcommand\@openbib@code{%
+      \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
+      \itemindent -\bibindent
+      \listparindent \itemindent
+      \parsep \z@
+      }%
+   \renewcommand\newblock{\par}}%
+}
+\ExecuteOptions{letterpaper,10pt,oneside,onecolumn,final,openany}
+\ProcessOptions
+
+\input{size1\@ptsize.clo}
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty   51
+\@medpenalty  151
+\@highpenalty 301
+
+\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{.7}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.3}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{.2}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.5}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.7}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% **************** SPECIAL DECLARATIONS ******************
+% ********************************************************
+
+% Theorem-like environments defined at end of this document.
+
+% Define single- and double-space environments.
+\def\ssp{\def\baselinestretch{1.0}\large\normalsize}
+\def\msp{\def\baselinestretch{1.3}\large\normalsize}
+\def\dsp{\def\baselinestretch{1.67}\large\normalsize}
+
+% The formatted title
+\def\formattedtitle#1{\gdef\@formattedtitle{#1}}
+
+% The full (unabbreviated) name of the degree
+\def\degreesought#1{\gdef\@degreesought{#1}}
+
+% The year the degree will be officially conferred
+\def\degreedate#1{\gdef\@degreedate{#1}}
+
+% The name of your degree's field (e.g. Economics, Computer Science)
+\def\majorfield#1{\gdef\@majorfield{#1}}
+
+% Previous degrees
+\newif\if@onedegree
+\@onedegreetrue
+\def\degreeone#1{\gdef\@degreeone{#1}}
+\def\degreetwo#1{\gdef\@degreetwo{#1}\@onedegreefalse}
+\def\degreethree#1{\gdef\@degreethree{#1}\@onedegreefalse}
+
+% Commands for proof environment (adapted from amsgen.sty & amsthm.sty)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\qed}{%
+ \ifmmode % if math mode, assume display: omit penalty etc.
+  \else \leavevmode\unskip\penalty9999 \hbox{}\nobreak\hfill
+  \fi
+  \quad\hbox{\qedsymbol}}
+\newcommand{\openbox}{\leavevmode
+  \hbox to.77778em{%
+  \hfil\vrule
+  \vbox to.675em{\hrule width.6em\vfil\hrule}%
+  \vrule\hfil}}
+\newcommand{\qedsymbol}{{\mbox{\rule[0pt]{1.5ex}{1.5ex}}}}
+
+%%%%the following is the modified proof environment from the university%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%\newenvironment{proof}{%
+  %\par\normalfont\topsep12pt%
+   %\trivlist
+     % \item[\hskip\labelsep\itshape Proof.]\ignorespaces
+  %}{%
+ % %\qed\endtrivlist}
+  %$\Box$\endtrivlist}%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+ %%%%%%%this is the proof environment I copied from amsthm package and it works better%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+  \newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+  \normalfont
+  \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@ \trivlist
+  \item[\hskip\labelsep\itshape
+    #1.]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+  \qed\endtrivlist %%this ending symbol is a solid black box
+ % $\Box$\endtrivlist %%change the ending symbol from a solid black box to an empty box
+}
+\newcommand{\proofname}{Proof}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+% Define a placeholder counter for roman-numbered pages.
+\newcounter{placeholder}
+
+% Define inverted pyramid title paragraph shape
+\newcommand{\invertedpyramid}{\parshape=3 0in 4in 0.25in 3.5in 0.5in 3in}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ****************** PAGE FORMATTING *********************
+% ********************************************************
+
+\dsp   % Use double spacing for text
+
+\newfont{\ninerm}{cmr9}
+\newfont{\tenrm}{cmr10}
+
+\setlength{\voffset}{0in}
+\setlength{\hoffset}{0in}
+\setlength{\topmargin}{0in}
+\setlength{\headheight}{0pt} % 12pt}
+\setlength{\headsep}{0pt} % 12pt}
+\setlength{\textwidth}{6in}
+\setlength{\textheight}{9in} % 624pt} % = 9in - 24 pts for heightheight and sep = 624 pts (72 pt = 1 in)
+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.3125in} % adds to nominal 1in margin
+\setlength{\footskip}{36pt}  % 0.5in
+
+\newlength{\titlewidth} % defines width for title page text
+\setlength{\titlewidth}{4in}
+\newlength{\widertitlewidth} % defines wider width for title page text
+\setlength{\widertitlewidth}{5in}
+
+\setlength{\marginparsep}{0in}
+\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0in}
+
+\newlength{\mylengtha}  % Used in formatting vita and abstract
+\newlength{\mylengthb}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************  TITLE PAGE  **********************(no page number, put it at the very beginning of the thesis)
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newcommand{\maketitle}% Create coverpage layout.
+  {\newpage \setlength{\partopsep}{0in} \setlength{\topskip}{0in}
+   \thispagestyle{empty}
+    \setcounter{page}{1}
+   \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+   \begin{center}\ssp
+     \vspace*{1in}\par
+     \parbox{\widertitlewidth}{\centering \dsp \@formattedtitle}
+     \par\vfill\par
+     \if@onedegree
+       \parbox{\titlewidth}{\centering \dsp By \par \@author %
+               \@degreeone \par \ssp}
+     \else
+       \parbox{\widertitlewidth}{\centering \dsp By \linebreak\linebreak %
+       \@author \linebreak\linebreak %
+       \@degreeone \linebreak\linebreak %
+       \@degreetwo \linebreak\linebreak %
+       \@degreethree}
+     \fi
+     \par\vfill\par
+     Submitted to the Faculty of the\\
+     Graduate College of the\\
+     Oklahoma State University\\
+     in partial fulfillment of\\
+     the requirements for\\
+     the Degree of\\
+     \@degreesought\\
+     \@degreedate
+   \end{center}
+   \par\ssp\vspace*{0.875in}\par\dsp% 2 inch nominal bottom margin
+   \newpage
+   \renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
+   }
+
+% \maketitle outputs the complete titlepage.
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ******************  COPYRIGHT PAGE  ******************** 
+% (not needed on and after May 2016)
+% ********************************************************
+
+%\newcommand{\makecopyright}% Create coverpage layout.
+  %{\newpage
+   %\thispagestyle{empty}
+   %\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+   %\vspace*{\fill}\par
+   %\begin{center}\dsp
+    % COPYRIGHT \copyright\\
+     %By\\
+     %\@author\\
+     %\@degreedate
+   %\end{center}
+   %\par\vspace*{\fill}\dsp
+   %\newpage
+   %\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
+   %}
+
+% \maketitle outputs the complete titlepage.
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+% ********************************************************
+% *******************  APPROVAL PAGE  ********************
+% (no need to put the dean of the graduate college for May 2016)
+% ********************************************************
+\newcommand{\makeapproval}[4]% Create approval page layout.
+  {\newpage \setlength{\partopsep}{0in} \setlength{\topskip}{0in}
+   \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+   \begin{center}\msp  % \msp adjusts the spacing between lines
+     \vspace*{1in}\par
+     \parbox{\widertitlewidth}{\centering \dsp \@formattedtitle}
+
+ \mbox{} \\ \vspace{2cm}
+
+     \parbox{\titlewidth}{Thesis Approved:}\par
+
+
+       \parbox{\titlewidth}{\centering %
+         \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}
+         % Remove names if creating signature page
+           \rule{\titlewidth}{0in} \\ \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\%\mbox{Dissertation Advisors Name Here} \\
+           \mbox{#1} \\
+           \hline  % Sets width of sig. lines
+           \mbox{Thesis Advisor} \\
+           \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\
+
+           \mbox{#2} \\
+           \hline
+           \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\
+
+           \mbox{#3} \\
+           \hline
+           \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\
+
+           \mbox{#4} \\
+           \hline
+           \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\ \mbox{} \\
+
+           %{\ssp Dean of the Graduate College}
+         \end{tabular}}
+     \end{center}
+  %\par\ssp\vspace*{1.8125in}\par\dsp% 4 inch nominal bottom margin
+  \newpage
+  \renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
+  }
+% \makeapproval outputs the complete approval page
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ***************  PREFACE PAGE  ****************(did not use)
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newenvironment{preface}
+  {\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+    {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{68pt} \par
+       PREFACE \par
+       \vspace*{0.25in} \par \dsp}
+  }
+  {\newpage\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ***************  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PAGE  ****************(optional for May 2016)
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newenvironment{acknowledge}
+  {\newpage \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+  \makeatletter
+\def\blfootnote{\xdef\@thefnmark{}\@footnotetext}
+\makeatother
+
+     {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{68pt} \par
+        ACKNOWLEDGMENTS\blfootnote{Acknowledgments reflect the views of the author and are not endorsed
+by committee members or Oklahoma State University.}
+
+ \par
+        \vspace*{0.25in} \par \dsp}
+  }
+  {\newpage\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}}
+
+% ********************************************************
+%*****************************Nomenclature
+% ********************************************************
+\newenvironment{nomenclature}
+  {\newpage \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+     {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{68pt} \par
+        NOMENCLATURE \par
+        \vspace*{0.25in} \par \dsp}
+  }
+  {}%\newpage\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}}
+
+\newenvironment{listofsymbols}
+  {\newpage \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+     {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{68pt} \par
+        LIST OF SYMBOLS \par
+        \vspace*{0.25in} \par \dsp}
+  }
+  {}%\newpage\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}}
+  
+% ********************************************************
+% *******************  ABSTRACT PAGE  ********************
+% ********************************************************
+\newenvironment{abstract}[5]{
+        \newpage \vspace*{#5}\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+        {\dsp \parindent=0in
+        Name:~~#1  \par 
+
+        Date of Degree:~~#2  
+        
+        \par \settowidth{\mylengtha}{Title of Study:~~}
+        \setlength{\mylengthb}{\textwidth}
+        \addtolength{\mylengthb}{-\mylengtha}
+        \mbox{Title of Study:~~\parbox[t]{\mylengthb}{\ssp \MakeUppercase{\@title} \par\null}}
+
+
+        % \settowidth{\mylengtha}{Title of Study:~~}
+        % \setlength{\mylengthb}{\textwidth}
+        % \addtolength{\mylengthb}{-\mylengtha}
+        % \mbox{Title of Study:~~#3}
+           \par
+        %
+        Major Field:~~#4 \par
+
+        } \ssp \parindent=0in \parskip=1em
+        Abstract:   }
+        %{\par \parskip=0in \vfill \par ADVISOR'S APPROVAL:~~\hrulefill}
+ {\newpage\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}}
+\newcommand{\abstractitem}[1]{\par \hangindent=0.375in \hangafter=1 \parindent=0in #1~}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+
+
+% ********************************************************
+% *********************  VITA PAGE  **********************(no page number, put it at the very end of the thesis)
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newenvironment{vita}[3]{%
+        \newpage
+        \addtocounter{page}{-1}
+        \thispagestyle{empty}
+        {\dsp \parindent=0in
+          \vspace*{1in} \par
+         \hspace*{-0.25in} \parbox{\textwidth}{\centering \dsp VITA \par
+          #1 \par
+          Candidate for the Degree of \par
+          #2 \par}
+        \par\rule{0in}{0.5in}\par
+        %
+        \settowidth{\mylengtha}{Thesis:~~}
+        \setlength{\mylengthb}{\textwidth}
+        \addtolength{\mylengthb}{-\mylengtha}
+        \mbox{Thesis:~~\parbox[t]{\mylengthb}{\ssp \MakeUppercase{\@title} \par\null}}
+           \par
+        %
+        Major Field:~~#3 \par
+        Biographical: \par
+        } \ssp  \parskip=1em
+        }
+        {\par \parskip=0in}
+
+%\newcommand{\vitaitem}[1]{\par \hangindent=0.75in %%if we want the content of Education indented.
+  % \hangafter=1 \parindent=0.375in #1~}
+
+\newcommand{\vitaitem}[1]{\par \hangindent=0.375in %%No indent on the row for Education and the content of Education.
+   \hangafter=1 \parindent=0.375in #1~}
+
+
+\newcommand{\abitem}[1]{\par \hangindent=0.375in %
+     \hangafter=1 \parindent=0.0in #1~}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newcommand*\chaptermark[1]{}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
+\newcounter {part}
+\newcounter {chapter}
+\newcounter {section}[chapter]
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand \thepart {\@Roman\c@part}
+\renewcommand \thechapter {\@Roman\c@chapter}
+% To preserve roman numerals in subsections, use the command
+%\renewcommand \thesection {\thechapter.\@arabic\c@section}
+% instead of the command below:
+\renewcommand \thesection {\@arabic\c@chapter.\@arabic\c@section}
+\renewcommand \thesubsection   {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
+\renewcommand \thesubsubsection{\thesubsection .\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
+\renewcommand \theparagraph    {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
+\renewcommand \thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
+\newcommand\@chapapp{\chaptername}
+\newcommand\part{%
+  \if@openright
+    \cleardoublepage
+  \else
+    \clearpage
+  \fi
+  \thispagestyle{plain}%
+  \if@twocolumn
+    \onecolumn
+    \@tempswatrue
+  \else
+    \@tempswafalse
+  \fi
+  \null\vfil
+  \secdef\@part\@spart}
+
+\def\@part[#1]#2{%
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+      \refstepcounter{part}%
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}%
+    \else
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}%
+    \fi
+    \markboth{}{}%
+    {\centering
+     \interlinepenalty \@M
+     \normalfont
+     \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
+       \huge\bfseries \partname~\thepart
+       \par
+       \vskip 20\p@
+     \fi
+     \Huge \bfseries #2\par}%
+    \@endpart}
+\def\@spart#1{%
+    {\centering
+     \interlinepenalty \@M
+     \normalfont
+     \Huge \bfseries #1\par}%
+    \@endpart}
+\def\@endpart{\vfil\newpage
+              \if@twoside
+                \null
+                \thispagestyle{empty}%
+                \newpage
+              \fi
+              \if@tempswa
+                \twocolumn
+              \fi}
+\newcommand\chapter{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
+                    \thispagestyle{plain}%
+                    \global\@topnum\z@
+                    \@afterindentfalse
+                    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter
+                    }
+\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+                         \refstepcounter{chapter}%
+                         \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
+                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}%
+                                   {\protect\numberline{\thechapter}#1}%
+                    \else
+                      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
+                    \fi
+                    \chaptermark{#1}%
+                    \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}%
+                    \if@twocolumn
+                      \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
+                    \else
+                      \@makechapterhead{\centering#2}%
+                      \@afterheading
+                    \fi}
+\def\@makechapterhead#1{%                                        %--------------------------Chapter Head
+  \vspace*{72\p@}%
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \centering \normalfont
+    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
+        \bfseries \@chapapp\space \thechapter
+        \par\nobreak
+        \vskip 15\p@
+    \fi
+    \interlinepenalty\@M
+     \bfseries #1\par\nobreak
+    \vskip 15\p@
+  }}
+\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
+                   \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
+                 \else
+                   \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
+                   \@afterheading
+                 \fi}
+\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
+  \vspace*{72\p@}%
+  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
+    \normalfont
+    \interlinepenalty\@M
+     \bfseries  #1\par\nobreak
+    \vskip 15\p@                                                           %---------------------------------Section Def
+  }}
+\newcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+                                   {-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                                   {2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
+                                   {\begin{center}\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\newcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+                                     {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                                     {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
+                                     {\normalfont\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\newcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+                                     {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                                     {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
+                                     {\normalfont\normalfont\bfseries}}
+\newcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                                    {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
+                                    {-1em}%
+                                    {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
+                                       {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
+                                       {-1em}%
+                                      {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
+\if@twocolumn
+  \setlength\leftmargini  {2em}
+\else
+  \setlength\leftmargini  {2.5em}
+\fi
+\leftmargin  \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii  {2.2em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv  {1.7em}
+\if@twocolumn
+  \setlength\leftmarginv  {.5em}
+  \setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
+\else
+  \setlength\leftmarginv  {1em}
+  \setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
+\fi
+\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
+\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\@arabic\c@enumi}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\@alph\c@enumii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\@roman\c@enumiii}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\@Alph\c@enumiv}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{\theenumi}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{\textbullet}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries \textendash}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{\textasteriskcentered}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{\textperiodcentered}
+\newenvironment{description}
+               {\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
+                        \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
+               {\endlist}
+\newcommand*\descriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep
+                                \normalfont\bfseries #1}
+\newenvironment{verse}
+               {\let\\\@centercr
+                \list{}{\itemsep      \z@
+                        \itemindent   -1.5em%
+                        \listparindent\itemindent
+                        \rightmargin  \leftmargin
+                        \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+                \item\relax}
+               {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+               {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+                        \itemindent    \listparindent
+                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
+                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+                \item\relax}
+               {\endlist}
+\newenvironment{quote}
+               {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+                \item\relax}
+               {\endlist}
+
+\newcommand\appendix{\par
+  \setcounter{chapter}{0}%
+  \setcounter{section}{0}%
+  \renewcommand\@chapapp{\appendixname}%
+  \renewcommand\thechapter{\@Alph\c@chapter}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\@addtoreset {equation}{chapter}
+\renewcommand\theequation
+  {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter.\fi \@arabic\c@equation}
+\newcounter{figure}[chapter]
+\renewcommand \thefigure
+     {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter.\fi \@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}
+               {\@float{figure}}
+               {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{figure*}
+               {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+               {\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}[chapter]
+\renewcommand \thetable
+     {\ifnum \c@chapter>\z@ \thechapter.\fi \@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}
+               {\@float{table}}
+               {\end@float}
+\newenvironment{table*}
+               {\@dblfloat{table}}
+               {\end@dblfloat}
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{5\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \vskip\abovecaptionskip
+  \sbox\@tempboxa{#1: #2}%
+  \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+    #1: #2\par
+  \else
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+  \fi
+  \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+\newcommand\@dotsep{1}
+\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
+
+% ********************************************************
+% **************  TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE  **************** %----------------------------------------------------------
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \newpage
+    % Note here we need one more inch, with header, we have 12 + 15 = 27 points
+    % we've use for the header, now we need 72 - 27 = 45 pts, so we add that
+    % via a \rule command, in TOC, LOT, and LOF's
+    {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{45pt} \par
+       \osucontentsname \par \dsp}
+    \renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}} %\par
+    %}
+    \@starttoc{toc}
+    \newpage
+    %\setcounter{placeholder}{\value{page}}
+    %\pagenumbering{arabic}   % resets page counter to 1, arabic format
+    }
+% ********************************************************
+% ********************************************************
+
+\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
+    \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+    \begingroup
+      \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
+      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+      {\leavevmode
+       \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+       \nobreak
+         \global\@nobreaktrue
+         \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@chapter[2]{%
+  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\m@ne
+    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
+    \vskip 1.0em \@plus\p@
+    \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
+    \begingroup
+      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+      \leavevmode \bfseries
+      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
+      \hskip -\leftskip
+      #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
+      \penalty\@highpenalty
+    \endgroup
+  \fi}
+
+  \newcommand*\l@page[2]{%
+  \par \dsp
+       \cname \hfill \pname
+       \par \dsp
+  \fi}
+\newcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
+\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}
+\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{2.5em}{4em}}
+\let\l@table\l@figure
+
+\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    \newpage
+    {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{45pt} \par
+       \listfigurename \par
+       \fname \hfill \pname
+       \rule{0in}{0.25in} \par \ssp} % \dsp}
+    %\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+    %\setcounter{page}{\value{placeholder}}
+    \@starttoc{lof} \newpage
+    %\setcounter{placeholder}{\value{page}}
+    %\pagenumbering{arabic}
+    }
+\newcommand\listoftables{%
+    \if@twocolumn
+      \@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
+    \else
+      \@restonecolfalse
+    \fi
+    {\centering \ssp \rule{0in}{45pt} \par
+       \listtablename \par
+       \tname \hfill \pname
+       \rule{0in}{0.25in} \par \dsp}
+    %\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}
+    %\setcounter{page}{\value{placeholder}}
+    \@starttoc{lot} \newpage
+    %\setcounter{placeholder}{\value{page}}
+    %\pagenumbering{arabic}
+%\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}
+    }
+
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{1.5em}
+\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+     {\chapter*{\centerline{\bibname}}
+        %\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\bibname}{\MakeUppercase\bibname}}% %changed to center bib heading
+      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}%
+      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+            \leftmargin\labelwidth
+            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+            \@openbib@code
+            \usecounter{enumiv}%
+            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+      \sloppy
+      \clubpenalty4000
+      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
+      \widowpenalty4000%
+      \sfcode`\.\@m}
+     {\def\@noitemerr
+       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+      \endlist}
+\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+               {\if@twocolumn
+                  \@restonecolfalse
+                \else
+                  \@restonecoltrue
+                \fi
+                \columnseprule \z@
+                \columnsep 35\p@
+                \twocolumn[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%
+                \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                        {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+                \let\item\@idxitem}
+               {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+  \kern-3\p@
+  \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+  \kern2.6\p@}
+\@addtoreset{footnote}{chapter}
+\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+    \parindent 1em%
+    \noindent
+    \hb@xt@1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark}#1}
+\newcommand\osucontentsname{TABLE OF CONTENTS}
+\newcommand\cname{Chapter}
+\newcommand\fname{Figure}
+\newcommand\tname{Table}
+\newcommand\pname{Page}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{LIST OF FIGURES}
+\newcommand\listtablename{LIST OF TABLES}
+\newcommand\bibname{REFERENCES}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Figure}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\chaptername{CHAPTER}
+\newcommand\appendixname{\centerline{APPENDICES}\global\def\appendixname{APPENDICES}}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract}
+\newcommand\today{}
+\edef\today{\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\day, \number\year}
+\setlength\columnsep{10\p@}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+\pagestyle{plain}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\if@twoside
+\else
+  \raggedbottom
+\fi
+\if@twocolumn
+  \twocolumn
+  \sloppy
+  \flushbottom
+\else
+  \onecolumn
+\fi
+
+% Theorem-like environments (must be defined here for section numbers).
+\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
+\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[section]
+\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}[section]
+\newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}[section]
+\newtheorem{problem}{Problem}[section]
+\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]
+\newtheorem{assumption}{Assumption}[section]
+\newtheorem{example}{Example}[section]
+\newtheorem{remark}{Remark}[section]
+\newtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}[section]
+
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `osuthesis.cls'